Python的List和C++的Vector的对比

作者：糖果

简单的对比了一下Python的List和C的Vector操作，用Python代替C的
注释。

另外推荐一个在线的编译器，codepad.org。

1.定义数据

Python

candyList = ["Red Candy", "Green Candy", "Blue Candy", "Yello Candy"]

C++

vector<string> candyList;

2.增加元素

Python

candyList.append("Append Candy")
candyList.insert(1, "Insert Candy")
candyList.extend(["Extend Candy Front", "Extend Candy Background"])
candyList = candyList + ["Add Candy Front", "Add Candy Background"]

C++

candyList.push_back("Red Candy");
candyList.push_back("Green Candy");
candyList.push_back("Blue Candy");
candyList.push_back("Yellow Candy");

3.删除元素

Python

candyList.pop()
candyList.remove("Insert Candy")

C++

candyList.pop_back();
candyList.erase(candyList.begin(), candyList.begin()+1);

4.查找

Python

candy = candyList[3]
candy = candyList[-1]
candy = candyList[-3]

C++

candyList.at(0);
vector<string>::iterator it = candyList.begin() + 1;

字典

5.定义

candyMap = {"Red":"R", "Green":"G", "Blue":"B"}
map = ["%s=%s" % (k,v) for k,v in candyMap.items()]
color = candyMap["Red"]
candyMap.keys()
candyMap.values()
candyMap.items()

6.连接分割

str = ";".join(["%s=%s" % (k,v) for k,v in candyMap.items()])

candyList = str.split(";")

7.过滤器
count()是查找元素在list中的位置下标值。

[elem for elem in candyList if candyList.count(elem) == 1]

8.遍历

Python

len(candyList)
list = [elem for elem in candyList]
list = [elem for elem in candyList if len(elem) > 9]

candyList = ["red", "green", "blue"]
for elem in range(len(candyList)):
        print candyList[elem]

C++

for (int i=0; i < candyList.size(); i++) {
     cout << candyList.at(i) << endl;
}

for (vector<string>::iterator it = candyList.begin(); it != candyList.end(); ++it) {
     cout << *it << endl;
}

#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
        vector<string> candyList;
        candyList.push_back("Green Candy");
        candyList.push_back("Blue Candy");
        candyList.push_back("Yellow Candy");

        for (int i=0; i < candyList.size(); i++) {
                cout << candyList.at(i) << endl;
        }

        vector<string>::iterator it;
        candyList.erase(candyList.begin(), candyList.begin()+1);
        candyList.pop_back();   
        cout << "###SPLIT###" << endl;
        for (vector<string>::iterator it = candyList.begin(); it != candyList.end(); ++it) {
                cout << *it << endl;
        }
}

[后记]
Python里的join和split很好用，一般的算法原型，完全可以先用python写出来，然后再改成C++，为什么这么干？

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